ProjectsMetal Fibers for Batteries
Nowadays, the debate about mobile electrochemical energy storage (EES) devices and their need for higher volumetric and gravimetric capacities has become increasingly important. The employment of EES devices in portable gadgets, electric cars, and even wearable electronics requires higher capacities and power densities than commercially available. Current research focuses on Lithium Ion Batteries (LIB), which are characterized by their high intercalation voltage (up to 4.1 V) and large energy density, but lack in power density.
On a molecular scale, the energy density of the active material depends on an interplay between sufficiently available Li-Ions and the electrical potential present at the interface. In other words, Li-ion diffusivity and electrical conductivity are crucial to ensure quick intercalation. In order to provide both diffusivity and conductivity simultaneously, a metal fiber network serves as mechanical backbone, as well as conductive current collector. By tailoring the metal fibers on a molecular scale, the subsequently fabricated network is able to overcome the limitations in energy and power density of nowadays batteries.
The reduction of the pore dimensions in a 3D metal fiber current collector enables us to overcome the inherently limited power density, making use of short Li ion diffusion paths, a homogeneous potential distribution, and improved mechanical stability. Longer cycle life and less electrolyte decomposition were also observed due to smaller overpotentials.
This project is funded by the Max-Planck-Society.
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